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第18章 Helm

1.Helm介绍

Helm就是k8s的软件包管理工具，好比是Centos的yum。

1727160755666-58244007-788d-4fe8-81a9-721adb4b79ed.png

2.Helm基础配置

官方网址：

https://helm.sh/zh/docs/

安装helm

wget https://get.helm.sh/helm-v3.6.3-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar zxf helm-v3.6.3-linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /opt/
cp /opt/linux-amd64/helm /usr/local/bin/
helm version

仓库指南

https://artifacthub.io/packages/search?kind=0

添加仓库

helm repo add bitnami https://charts.bitnami.com/bitnami
helm repo add stable https://charts.helm.sh/stable

查看仓库列表

helm repo list

更新helm仓库

helm repo update

3.helm安装服务

查找软件

helm search repo nginx

查看软件信息

helm show chart bitnami/nginx
helm show all bitnami/nginx

安装软件

helm install nginx bitnami/nginx
helm install bitnami/nginx --generate-name

查看已经部署的版本

helm list

查看已经安装的软件信息

helm status nginx-xxxx

卸载软件

helm uninstall nginx-xxxx

命令补全

source <(helm completion bash)
echo "source <(helm completion bash)" >>  ~/.bash_profile

4.helm定制安装参数

查看可以配置的参数

helm show values bitnami/nginx

自定义values文件

5.helm安装软件方式

helm install命令支持从多种源来进行安装：

在线chart仓库

helm install nginx bitnami/nginx

下载到本地的chart压缩包

下载到本地的chart解压缩后的包

在线的chart压缩包

6.helm升级和回滚

升级操作​

语法格式:

helm upgrade [RELEASE] [CHART] [flags]

操作案例：

helm upgrade -f config.yaml mysql stable/mysql

查看是否生效:

helm get values mysql

回滚操作​

语法格式

helm rollback <RELEASE> [REVISION] [flags]

操作案例：

helm rollback mysql 1

x.helm案例

helm部署mysql​

image: "luffy.com/base/mysql"
imageTag: "5.7"

mysqlRootPassword: luffy
mysqlUser: luffy
mysqlPassword: luffy
mysqlDatabase: luffy

imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent

imagePullSecrets:
- name: harbor-secret

persistence:
  enabled: true
  storageClass: "localpv"
  accessMode: ReadWriteOnce
  size: 5Gi

resources:
  requests:
    memory: 256Mi
    cpu: 100m

service:
  type: ClusterIP
  port: 3306

helm部署jenkins​

#工作目录
jenkinsHome: /bitnami/jenkins/home

#镜像地址
image:
  registry: luffy.com
  repository: base/jenkins
  tag: 2.44
  pullPolicy: IfNotPresent
  pullSecrets: [harbor-secret]

#pv相关
persistence:
  enabled: true
  storageClass: "localpv"
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  size: 5Gi

#ingress相关
ingress:
  enabled: true
  pathType: ImplementationSpecific
  hostname: jenkins.local
  ingressClassName: "nginx"
  path: /
  tls: false

#service相关
service:
  type: ClusterIP
  ports:
    http: 80
    https: 443

helm部署elasticsearch集群​

添加仓库

helm repo add elastic https://helm.elastic.co

获取values配置（注意版本要对应上）

helm show values elastic/elasticsearch --version 7.17.3 > es-values-7.yaml

创建localpv

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: localpv01
  labels:
    type: localpv
spec:
  storageClassName: localpv
  capacity:
    storage: 10Gi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  local:
    path: "/data/es"
  nodeAffinity:
    required:
      nodeSelectorTerms:
      - matchExpressions:
        - key: kubernetes.io/hostname
          operator: In
          values:
          - master-01
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: localpv02
  labels:
    type: localpv
spec:
  storageClassName: localpv
  capacity:
    storage: 10Gi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  local:
    path: "/data/es"
  nodeAffinity:
    required:
      nodeSelectorTerms:
      - matchExpressions:
        - key: kubernetes.io/hostname
          operator: In
          values:
          - node-01
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: localpv03
  labels:
    type: localpv
spec:
  storageClassName: localpv
  capacity:
    storage: 10Gi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  local:
    path: "/data/es"
  nodeAffinity:
    required:
      nodeSelectorTerms:
      - matchExpressions:
        - key: kubernetes.io/hostname
          operator: In
          values:
          - node-02

编辑values

#集群配置
clusterName: "elasticsearch"
nodeGroup: "master"

#节点数量
replicas: 3

#镜像配置
image: "luffy.com/base/elasticsearch"
imageTag: "7.17.3"
imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent"
imagePullSecrets:
  - name: harbor-secret

#资源限制
resources:
  requests:
    cpu: "100m"
    memory: "512Mi"
  limits:
    cpu: "100m"
    memory: "512Mi"

persistence:
  enabled: true

#pvc模版
volumeClaimTemplate:
  accessModes: ["ReadWriteOnce"]
  storageClassName: localpv
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 5Gi

#容忍
tolerations:
- operator: "Exists"
  effect: "NoSchedule"

#service
service:
  enabled: true
  type: ClusterIP
  httpPortName: http
  transportPortName: transport

#ingress
ingress:
  enabled: true
  className: "nginx"
  pathtype: ImplementationSpecific
  hosts:
    - host: es.local
      paths:
        - path: /

#就绪探针
readinessProbe:
  initialDelaySeconds: 30
  periodSeconds: 10

创建命令

#!/bin/bash
helm install es -f values-elasticsearch.yaml --version 7.17.3 elastic/elasticsearch

helm部署ingress​

更新: 2024-09-24 14:57:34

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