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第6章 实战案例应用

6.1 电商搜索系统实战​

业务需求分析

  1. 商品搜索功能

    • 支持中文商品名称全文搜索
    • 多维度筛选（品牌、类别、价格区间）
    • 搜索结果排序和分页
    • 搜索建议和自动补全

  2. 数据同步策略

    • MySQL作为主数据存储
    • Elasticsearch作为搜索引擎
    • 实时数据同步机制
    • 数据一致性保障

  3. 性能要求

    • 搜索响应时间 < 100ms
    • 支持高并发查询
    • 数据更新延迟 < 5s

数据架构设计

products 表结构

字段名数据类型描述
idINT自增主键
nameVARCHAR(255)商品名称（中文）
categoryENUM商品类别（英文）
brandVARCHAR(100)品牌（英文）
priceDECIMAL(10, 2)价格
descriptionTEXT商品描述（英文）
specificationsJSON商品规格（英文）
created_atTIMESTAMP创建时间
updated_atTIMESTAMP更新时间

示例数据

idnamecategorybrandpricedescriptionspecificationscreated_atupdated_at
1Apple/苹果 iPhone 16 Pro（A3294）256GB 原色钛金属 支持移动联通电信5G 双卡双待手机phoneApple8999.00Latest iPhone with A18 chip, 5G support.{"screen_size": "6.1 inches", "ram": "8GB", "storage": "256GB", "color": "Titanium"}2023-10-01 10:00:002023-10-01 10:00:00
2华为 Mate 60 Pro 12GB+512GB 雅川青 支持卫星通话 鸿蒙OS 4.0 5G手机phoneHuawei6999.00Huawei flagship with satellite calling.{"screen_size": "6.8 inches", "ram": "12GB", "storage": "512GB", "color": "Green"}2023-10-01 10:00:002023-10-01 10:00:00
3Apple/苹果AI笔记本/2024MacBookPro14英寸M4(10+10核) 16G 512G深空黑色笔记本电脑laptopApple14999.002024 MacBook Pro with M4 chip.{"screen_size": "14 inches", "processor": "M4 (10+10 cores)", "ram": "16GB", "storage": "512GB", "color": "Space Black"}2023-10-01 10:00:002023-10-01 10:00:00
4联想拯救者Y9000P 2024 AI元启 16英寸电竞游戏本笔记本电脑 32G+1T 2.5k 240Hz i9-14900HX RTX4060 碳晶灰laptopLenovo12999.00Lenovo gaming laptop with i9 and RTX4060.{"screen_size": "16 inches", "processor": "i9-14900HX", "ram": "32GB", "storage": "1TB", "graphics": "RTX4060", "color": "Carbon Gray"}2023-10-01 10:00:002023-10-01 10:00:00
5Apple/苹果 iPhone 15 Pro Max（A3295）512GB 金色 支持移动联通电信5G 双卡双待手机phoneApple10999.00Latest iPhone with A17 chip, 5G support.{"screen_size": "6.7 inches", "ram": "8GB", "storage": "512GB", "color": "Gold"}2023-10-01 10:00:002023-10-01 10:00:00
6Apple/苹果 iPhone 14 Plus（A3293）128GB 星光色 支持移动联通电信5G 双卡双待手机phoneApple6999.00Affordable iPhone with A16 chip, 5G support.{"screen_size": "6.7 inches", "ram": "6GB", "storage": "128GB", "color": "Starlight"}2023-10-01 10:00:002023-10-01 10:00:00
7Apple/苹果 iPhone SE 2024（A3296）64GB 午夜黑 支持移动联通电信5G 双卡双待手机phoneApple3999.00Compact iPhone with A16 chip, 5G support.{"screen_size": "4.7 inches", "ram": "4GB", "storage": "64GB", "color": "Midnight"}2023-10-01 10:00:002023-10-01 10:00:00
8Apple/苹果AI笔记本/2024MacBook Air13英寸M3(8+8核) 16G 512G星光色笔记本电脑laptopApple9999.002024 MacBook Air with M3 chip.{"screen_size": "13 inches", "processor": "M3 (8+8 cores)", "ram": "16GB", "storage": "512GB", "color": "Starlight"}2023-10-01 10:00:002023-10-01 10:00:00
9Apple/苹果AI笔记本/2024MacBook Pro16英寸M4(12+12核) 32G 1T深空灰色笔记本电脑laptopApple19999.002024 MacBook Pro with M4 chip.{"screen_size": "16 inches", "processor": "M4 (12+12 cores)", "ram": "32GB", "storage": "1TB", "color": "Space Gray"}2023-10-01 10:00:002023-10-01 10:00:00
10华硕 ROG 幻16 2024 16英寸电竞游戏本笔记本电脑 32G+1T 2.5k 240Hz i9-14900HX RTX4070 月耀白laptopASUS14999.00ASUS gaming laptop with i9 and RTX4070.{"screen_size": "16 inches", "processor": "i9-14900HX", "ram": "32GB", "storage": "1TB", "graphics": "RTX4070", "color": "Moonlight White"}2023-10-01 10:00:002023-10-01 10:00:00
11戴尔 Alienware m18 2024 18英寸电竞游戏本笔记本电脑 64G+2T 2.5k 240Hz i9-14900HX RTX4080 暗影黑laptopDell19999.00Dell gaming laptop with i9 and RTX4080.{"screen_size": "18 inches", "processor": "i9-14900HX", "ram": "64GB", "storage": "2TB", "graphics": "RTX4080", "color": "Shadow Black"}2023-10-01 10:00:002023-10-01 10:00:00

Elasticsearch索引设计

# 创建商品索引
PUT /products
{
  "settings": {
    "number_of_shards": 3,
    "number_of_replicas": 1,
    "analysis": {
      "analyzer": {
        "ik_max_word_analyzer": {
          "tokenizer": "ik_max_word"
        },
        "ik_smart_analyzer": {
          "tokenizer": "ik_smart"
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "id": {
        "type": "integer"
      },
      "name": {
        "type": "text",
        "analyzer": "ik_max_word_analyzer",
        "search_analyzer": "ik_smart_analyzer"
      },
      "category": {
        "type": "keyword"
      },
      "brand": {
        "type": "keyword"
      },
      "price": {
        "type": "double"
      },
      "description": {
        "type": "text",
        "analyzer": "english"
      },
      "specifications": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "screen_size": {"type": "keyword"},
          "ram": {"type": "keyword"},
          "storage": {"type": "keyword"},
          "processor": {"type": "keyword"},
          "graphics": {"type": "keyword"},
          "color": {"type": "keyword"}
        }
      },
      "created_at": {
        "type": "date"
      },
      "updated_at": {
        "type": "date"
      }
    }
  }
}

示例数据导入


# 插入 Apple/苹果 iPhone 16 Pro（A3294）256GB 原色钛金属 支持移动联通电信5G 双卡双待手机

POST /products/_doc/
{
  "id": 1,
  "name": "Apple/苹果 iPhone 16 Pro（A3294）256GB 原色钛金属 支持移动联通电信5G 双卡双待手机",
  "category": "phone",
  "brand": "Apple",
  "price": 8999.00,
  "description": "Latest iPhone with A18 chip, 5G support.",
  "specifications": {
    "screen_size": "6.1 inches",
    "ram": "8GB",
    "storage": "256GB",
    "color": "Titanium"
  },
  "created_at": "2023-10-01T10:00:00Z",
  "updated_at": "2023-10-01T10:00:00Z"
}


# 插入 华为 Mate 60 Pro 12GB+512GB 雅川青 支持卫星通话 鸿蒙OS 4.0 5G手机

POST /products/_doc/
{
  "id": 2,
  "name": "华为 Mate 60 Pro 12GB+512GB 雅川青 支持卫星通话 鸿蒙OS 4.0 5G手机",
  "category": "phone",
  "brand": "Huawei",
  "price": 6999.00,
  "description": "Huawei flagship with satellite calling.",
  "specifications": {
    "screen_size": "6.8 inches",
    "ram": "12GB",
    "storage": "512GB",
    "color": "Green"
  },
  "created_at": "2023-10-01T10:00:00Z",
  "updated_at": "2023-10-01T10:00:00Z"
}


# 插入 Apple/苹果AI笔记本/2024MacBookPro14英寸M4(10+10核) 16G 512G深空黑色笔记本电脑

POST /products/_doc/
{
  "id": 3,
  "name": "Apple/苹果AI笔记本/2024MacBookPro14英寸M4(10+10核) 16G 512G深空黑色笔记本电脑",
  "category": "laptop",
  "brand": "Apple",
  "price": 14999.00,
  "description": "2024 MacBook Pro with M4 chip.",
  "specifications": {
    "screen_size": "14 inches",
    "processor": "M4 (10+10 cores)",
    "ram": "16GB",
    "storage": "512GB",
    "color": "Space Black"
  },
  "created_at": "2023-10-01T10:00:00Z",
  "updated_at": "2023-10-01T10:00:00Z"
}


# 插入 联想拯救者Y9000P 2024 AI元启 16英寸电竞游戏本笔记本电脑 32G+1T 2.5k 240Hz i9-14900HX RTX4060 碳晶灰

POST /products/_doc/
{
  "id": 4,
  "name": "联想拯救者Y9000P 2024 AI元启 16英寸电竞游戏本笔记本电脑 32G+1T 2.5k 240Hz i9-14900HX RTX4060 碳晶灰",
  "category": "laptop",
  "brand": "Lenovo",
  "price": 12999.00,
  "description": "Lenovo gaming laptop with i9 and RTX4060.",
  "specifications": {
    "screen_size": "16 inches",
    "processor": "i9-14900HX",
    "ram": "32GB",
    "storage": "1TB",
    "graphics": "RTX4060",
    "color": "Carbon Gray"
  },
  "created_at": "2023-10-01T10:00:00Z",
  "updated_at": "2023-10-01T10:00:00Z"
}


# 插入 Apple/苹果 iPhone 15 Pro Max（A3295）512GB 金色 支持移动联通电信5G 双卡双待手机

POST /products/_doc/
{
  "id": 5,
  "name": "Apple/苹果 iPhone 15 Pro Max（A3295）512GB 金色 支持移动联通电信5G 双卡双待手机",
  "category": "phone",
  "brand": "Apple",
  "price": 10999.00,
  "description": "Latest iPhone with A17 chip, 5G support.",
  "specifications": {
    "screen_size": "6.7 inches",
    "ram": "8GB",
    "storage": "512GB",
    "color": "Gold"
  },
  "created_at": "2023-10-01T10:00:00Z",
  "updated_at": "2023-10-01T10:00:00Z"
}


# 插入 Apple/苹果 iPhone 14 Plus（A3293）128GB 星光色 支持移动联通电信5G 双卡双待手机

POST /products/_doc/
{
  "id": 6,
  "name": "Apple/苹果 iPhone 14 Plus（A3293）128GB 星光色 支持移动联通电信5G 双卡双待手机",
  "category": "phone",
  "brand": "Apple",
  "price": 6999.00,
  "description": "Affordable iPhone with A16 chip, 5G support.",
  "specifications": {
    "screen_size": "6.7 inches",
    "ram": "6GB",
    "storage": "128GB",
    "color": "Starlight"
  },
  "created_at": "2023-10-01T10:00:00Z",
  "updated_at": "2023-10-01T10:00:00Z"
}


# 插入 Apple/苹果 iPhone SE 2024（A3296）64GB 午夜黑 支持移动联通电信5G 双卡双待手机

POST /products/_doc/
{
  "id": 7,
  "name": "Apple/苹果 iPhone SE 2024（A3296）64GB 午夜黑 支持移动联通电信5G 双卡双待手机",
  "category": "phone",
  "brand": "Apple",
  "price": 3999.00,
  "description": "Compact iPhone with A16 chip, 5G support.",
  "specifications": {
    "screen_size": "4.7 inches",
    "ram": "4GB",
    "storage": "64GB",
    "color": "Midnight"
  },
  "created_at": "2023-10-01T10:00:00Z",
  "updated_at": "2023-10-01T10:00:00Z"
}


# 插入 Apple/苹果AI笔记本/2024MacBook Air13英寸M3(8+8核) 16G 512G星光色笔记本电脑

POST /products/_doc/
{
  "id": 8,
  "name": "Apple/苹果AI笔记本/2024MacBook Air13英寸M3(8+8核) 16G 512G星光色笔记本电脑",
  "category": "laptop",
  "brand": "Apple",
  "price": 9999.00,
  "description": "2024 MacBook Air with M3 chip.",
  "specifications": {
    "screen_size": "13 inches",
    "processor": "M3 (8+8 cores)",
    "ram": "16GB",
    "storage": "512GB",
    "color": "Starlight"
  },
  "created_at": "2023-10-01T10:00:00Z",
  "updated_at": "2023-10-01T10:00:00Z"
}


# 插入 Apple/苹果AI笔记本/2024MacBook Pro16英寸M4(12+12核) 32G 1T深空灰色笔记本电脑

POST /products/_doc/
{
  "id": 9,
  "name": "Apple/苹果AI笔记本/2024MacBook Pro16英寸M4(12+12核) 32G 1T深空灰色笔记本电脑",
  "category": "laptop",
  "brand": "Apple",
  "price": 19999.00,
  "description": "2024 MacBook Pro with M4 chip.",
  "specifications": {
    "screen_size": "16 inches",
    "processor": "M4 (12+12 cores)",
    "ram": "32GB",
    "storage": "1TB",
    "color": "Space Gray"
  },
  "created_at": "2023-10-01T10:00:00Z",
  "updated_at": "2023-10-01T10:00:00Z"
}


# 插入 华硕 ROG 幻16 2024 16英寸电竞游戏本笔记本电脑 32G+1T 2.5k 240Hz i9-14900HX RTX4070 月耀白

POST /products/_doc/
{
  "id": 10,
  "name": "华硕 ROG 幻16 2024 16英寸电竞游戏本笔记本电脑 32G+1T 2.5k 240Hz i9-14900HX RTX4070 月耀白",
  "category": "laptop",
  "brand": "ASUS",
  "price": 14999.00,
  "description": "ASUS gaming laptop with i9 and RTX4070.",
  "specifications": {
    "screen_size": "16 inches",
    "processor": "i9-14900HX",
    "ram": "32GB",
    "storage": "1TB",
    "graphics": "RTX4070",
    "color": "Moonlight White"
  },
  "created_at": "2023-10-01T10:00:00Z",
  "updated_at": "2023-10-01T10:00:00Z"
}


# 插入 戴尔 Alienware m18 2024 18英寸电竞游戏本笔记本电脑 64G+2T 2.5k 240Hz i9-14900HX RTX4080 暗影黑

POST /products/_doc/
{
  "id": 11,
  "name": "戴尔 Alienware m18 2024 18英寸电竞游戏本笔记本电脑 64G+2T 2.5k 240Hz i9-14900HX RTX4080 暗影黑",
  "category": "laptop",
  "brand": "Dell",
  "price": 19999.00,
  "description": "Dell gaming laptop with i9 and RTX4080.",
  "specifications": {
    "screen_size": "18 inches",
    "processor": "i9-14900HX",
    "ram": "64GB",
    "storage": "2TB",
    "graphics": "RTX4080",
    "color": "Shadow Black"
  },
  "created_at": "2023-10-01T10:00:00Z",
  "updated_at": "2023-10-01T10:00:00Z"
}

搜索功能实现

基础搜索查询


# 查看索引信息

GET /_cat/indices


# 查看所有数据

GET /products/_search


# 根据指定ID查询

GET /products/_doc/OiCYgpQBoNDYZpxwux6n


# 根据品牌单一查询

GET /products/_search
{
  "query": {
    "term": {
      "brand.keyword": {
        "value": "Apple"
      }
    }
  }
}


# 根据条件多个查询

GET /products/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {
          "match": {
            "brand.keyword": "Apple"
          }
        },
        {
          "match": {
            "category.keyword": "phone"
          }
        },
        {
          "range": {
            "price": {
              "gte": 8000,
              "lte": 10000
            }
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

高级搜索功能

# 搜索建议（自动补全）
GET /products/_search
{
  "suggest": {
    "product_suggest": {
      "prefix": "苹果",
      "completion": {
        "field": "name_suggest",
        "size": 5
      }
    }
  }
}

# 聚合统计
GET /products/_search
{
  "size": 0,
  "aggs": {
    "brands": {
      "terms": {
        "field": "brand",
        "size": 10
      }
    },
    "categories": {
      "terms": {
        "field": "category",
        "size": 10
      }
    },
    "price_ranges": {
      "range": {
        "field": "price",
        "ranges": [
          {"to": 5000},
          {"from": 5000, "to": 10000},
          {"from": 10000, "to": 20000},
          {"from": 20000}
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}

数据同步实现

# Python数据同步脚本示例
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearch
import mysql.connector
import json

class ProductSync:
    def __init__(self):
        self.es = Elasticsearch([{'host': 'localhost', 'port': 9200}])
        self.mysql = mysql.connector.connect(
            host='localhost',
            user='root',
            password='password',
            database='ecommerce'
        )
    
    def sync_product(self, product_id):
        # 从MySQL获取数据
        cursor = self.mysql.cursor(dictionary=True)
        cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM products WHERE id = %s", (product_id,))
        product = cursor.fetchone()
        
        if product:
            # 同步到Elasticsearch
            doc = {
                'id': product['id'],
                'name': product['name'],
                'category': product['category'],
                'brand': product['brand'],
                'price': float(product['price']),
                'description': product['description'],
                'specifications': json.loads(product['specifications']),
                'created_at': product['created_at'].isoformat(),
                'updated_at': product['updated_at'].isoformat()
            }
            
            self.es.index(index='products', body=doc)
            print(f"Product {product_id} synced successfully")

6.2 日志分析平台实战​

ELK Stack架构设计

系统架构

应用服务器 → Filebeat → Logstash → Elasticsearch → Kibana
     ↓           ↓         ↓           ↓         ↓
   日志文件    日志采集   数据处理    数据存储   数据可视化

Filebeat配置

# filebeat.yml
filebeat.inputs:
- type: log
  enabled: true
  paths:
    - /var/log/nginx/access.log
    - /var/log/nginx/error.log
  fields:
    service: nginx
    environment: production

- type: log
  enabled: true
  paths:
    - /var/log/application/*.log
  fields:
    service: application
    environment: production
  multiline.pattern: '^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}'
  multiline.negate: true
  multiline.match: after

output.logstash:
  hosts: ["localhost:5044"]

processors:
- add_host_metadata:
    when.not.contains.tags: forwarded

Logstash数据处理

# logstash.conf
input {
  beats {
    port => 5044
  }
}

filter {
  if [fields][service] == "nginx" {
    grok {
      match => { 
        "message" => "%{NGINXACCESS}" 
      }
    }
    
    date {
      match => [ "timestamp", "dd/MMM/yyyy:HH:mm:ss Z" ]
    }
    
    mutate {
      convert => { 
        "response" => "integer"
        "bytes" => "integer"
        "response_time" => "float"
      }
    }
  }
  
  if [fields][service] == "application" {
    grok {
      match => { 
        "message" => "%{TIMESTAMP_ISO8601:timestamp} \[%{WORD:level}\] %{GREEDYDATA:log_message}" 
      }
    }
    
    date {
      match => [ "timestamp", "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS" ]
    }
  }
}

output {
  elasticsearch {
    hosts => ["localhost:9200"]
    index => "logs-%{[fields][service]}-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
  }
  
  stdout { codec => rubydebug }
}

Elasticsearch索引模板

# 日志索引模板
PUT /_index_template/logs-template
{
  "index_patterns": ["logs-*"],
  "template": {
    "settings": {
      "number_of_shards": 3,
      "number_of_replicas": 1,
      "index.lifecycle.name": "logs-policy",
      "index.lifecycle.rollover_alias": "logs"
    },
    "mappings": {
      "properties": {
        "@timestamp": {
          "type": "date"
        },
        "level": {
          "type": "keyword"
        },
        "service": {
          "type": "keyword"
        },
        "environment": {
          "type": "keyword"
        },
        "host": {
          "properties": {
            "name": {"type": "keyword"}
          }
        },
        "message": {
          "type": "text",
          "analyzer": "standard"
        },
        "response": {
          "type": "integer"
        },
        "bytes": {
          "type": "long"
        },
        "response_time": {
          "type": "float"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

常用日志分析查询

# 错误日志统计
GET /logs-*/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {"range": {"@timestamp": {"gte": "now-1h"}}},
        {"term": {"level": "ERROR"}}
      ]
    }
  },
  "aggs": {
    "error_count_by_service": {
      "terms": {
        "field": "service",
        "size": 10
      }
    },
    "error_timeline": {
      "date_histogram": {
        "field": "@timestamp",
        "calendar_interval": "5m"
      }
    }
  }
}

# 响应时间分析
GET /logs-nginx-*/_search
{
  "query": {
    "range": {
      "@timestamp": {
        "gte": "now-1h"
      }
    }
  },
  "aggs": {
    "response_time_stats": {
      "stats": {
        "field": "response_time"
      }
    },
    "slow_requests": {
      "filter": {
        "range": {
          "response_time": {
            "gt": 1.0
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

6.3 企业文档搜索实战​

文档管理需求

业务场景

  • 企业内部文档知识库
  • 多格式文件支持（PDF、Word、PPT、TXT）
  • 权限控制和安全搜索
  • 相关性排序和推荐

技术架构

文件上传 → 文档解析 → 内容提取 → Elasticsearch索引 → 搜索API
    ↓         ↓         ↓           ↓           ↓
  前端界面   文档处理   文本分析    数据存储     搜索结果

文档索引设计

# 创建文档索引
PUT /documents
{
  "settings": {
    "number_of_shards": 2,
    "number_of_replicas": 1,
    "analysis": {
      "analyzer": {
        "content_analyzer": {
          "tokenizer": "ik_max_word",
          "filter": ["lowercase", "stop"]
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "title": {
        "type": "text",
        "analyzer": "content_analyzer",
        "boost": 2.0
      },
      "content": {
        "type": "text",
        "analyzer": "content_analyzer"
      },
      "file_type": {
        "type": "keyword"
      },
      "file_size": {
        "type": "long"
      },
      "author": {
        "type": "keyword"
      },
      "department": {
        "type": "keyword"
      },
      "tags": {
        "type": "keyword"
      },
      "created_at": {
        "type": "date"
      },
      "updated_at": {
        "type": "date"
      },
      "permissions": {
        "type": "keyword"
      }
    }
  }
}

文档搜索实现

# 智能搜索查询
GET /documents/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {
          "multi_match": {
            "query": "项目管理流程",
            "fields": ["title^2", "content", "tags^1.5"],
            "type": "best_fields",
            "fuzziness": "AUTO"
          }
        }
      ],
      "filter": [
        {
          "terms": {
            "permissions": ["public", "user_department"]
          }
        },
        {
          "range": {
            "created_at": {
              "gte": "now-1y"
            }
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "highlight": {
    "fields": {
      "title": {},
      "content": {
        "fragment_size": 150,
        "number_of_fragments": 3
      }
    }
  },
  "aggs": {
    "departments": {
      "terms": {
        "field": "department",
        "size": 10
      }
    },
    "file_types": {
      "terms": {
        "field": "file_type",
        "size": 5
      }
    }
  },
  "sort": [
    "_score",
    {"updated_at": {"order": "desc"}}
  ]
}

6.4 性能监控与优化​

关键性能指标

集群健康监控

# 集群状态检查
GET /_cluster/health

# 节点统计信息
GET /_nodes/stats

# 索引统计信息
GET /_stats

# 慢查询日志
GET /_cat/indices?v&s=docs.count:desc

查询性能分析

# 查询性能分析
GET /products/_search
{
  "profile": true,
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {"match": {"name": "iPhone"}},
        {"range": {"price": {"gte": 5000}}}
      ]
    }
  }
}

性能优化策略

索引优化

# 强制合并段
POST /products/_forcemerge?max_num_segments=1

# 刷新索引设置
PUT /products/_settings
{
  "refresh_interval": "30s",
  "number_of_replicas": 0
}

查询优化

  • 使用filter代替query进行精确匹配
  • 合理使用缓存机制
  • 避免深度分页
  • 使用scroll API处理大量数据

故障排除实践

常见问题诊断

  1. 集群变红：检查分片分配和磁盘空间
  2. 查询变慢：分析慢查询日志和Profile结果
  3. 内存不足：调整JVM堆内存和字段缓存
  4. 数据丢失：检查副本配置和备份策略

应急处理流程

# 紧急情况下的操作命令
# 1. 检查集群状态
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cluster/health?pretty"

# 2. 查看未分配分片
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cat/shards?v&h=index,shard,prirep,state,unassigned.reason"

# 3. 手动分配分片
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/_cluster/reroute" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "commands": [
    {
      "allocate_empty_primary": {
        "index": "products",
        "shard": 0,
        "node": "node-1",
        "accept_data_loss": true
      }
    }
  ]
}'

本章小结​

通过本章的三个实战案例，我们学习了：

  1. 电商搜索系统：从数据建模到搜索实现的完整流程
  2. 日志分析平台：ELK Stack的集成应用和运维实践
  3. 企业文档搜索：智能搜索和权限控制的实现方案
  4. 性能监控优化：监控指标和故障排除的最佳实践

这些案例覆盖了Elasticsearch在企业级应用中的主要场景，为实际项目开发提供了参考模板和解决方案。

扩展阅读：

📝 更新时间: 2025-01-26
🎯 适用版本: Elasticsearch 8.x
📚 难度等级: 高级实战

最后于 更新